In NCERT Class 12 Geography Chapter 4, titled "Primary Activities", students explore the fundamental economic activities that involve the direct utilization of natural resources. The chapter focuses on agriculture, fishing, forestry, mining, and hunting as primary activities. It delves into the characteristics, types, and importance of these activities in the global economy and their role in providing raw materials for secondary and tertiary sectors.
This article provides a comprehensive resource for exam preparation. It includes sample MCQs and subjective questions for CBSE and CUET, alongside downloadable PDFs of Class 12 Geography Chapter 4 MCQs and previous year questions for detailed practice of NCERT Class 12 Primary Activities.
NCERT Class 12 Geography Chapters
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NCERT Class 12 Geography Chapters
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CUET Free Master Classes:
Class 12 Geography Chapter 4 MCQs
This question bank includes previous years' CUET and CBSE MCQs, along with questions curated by subject experts. Below are 5 sample multiple-choice questions (MCQs) for Class 12 Geography Chapter 4: Primary Activities. For the full set of 50 questions, download the PDF using the link provided below.
1- Which one of the following features is correct regarding the gathering and hunting activities?
(a) Practised in moderate climatic regions (b) Involves primitive societies
(c) Depends on heavy capital investment (d) Depends upon modern technology
2. Which one of the following features is correct regarding nomadic herding?
(a) Nomadism is a modern commercial activity.
(b) It is practised on permanent pastures.
(c) A wide variety of cattle are reared in different regions.
(d) Nomadism is associated with modern technology.
3. Which among the following is an important region for commercial livestock rearing?
(a) Canada (b) USA (c) India (d) Malaysia
4. The process of seasonal migration from mountain pastures to plain areas and vice versa is called:
(a) Counter migration (b) Immigration (c) Emigration (d) Transhumance
5. Which of the following statements regarding pastoral nomadism are correct?
(A) It is an organised and capital intensive activity.
(B) Its core region extends from North Africa to Central Asia.
(C) It is a Primitive Subsistence Activity.
(D) In this practice, the movement depends on the amount and quality of pastures and water.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
(a) (A), (B), (C) only (b) (A), (C), (D) only (c) (B), (C), (D) only (d) (A), (B), (D) only
Class 12 Geography Chapter 4 Subjective Questions Without Solutions
This question bank includes previous years' CBSE subjective questions (2 marks and above) without solutions, along with expert-curated questions. Below are 5 sample subjective questions for Class 12 Geography Chapter 4: Primary Activities. To access all questions, download the PDF from the link provided below.
- Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:
Methods of Mining
Depending on the mode of occurrence and the nature of the ore, mining is of two types: surface and underground mining. The surface mining also known as open-cast mining is the easiest and the cheapest way of mining minerals that occur close to the surface. Overhead costs such as safety precautions and equipment are relatively low in this method. The output is both large and rapid.
When the ore lies deep below the surface, underground mining method (shaft method) has to be used. In this method, vertical shafts have to be sunk, from where underground galleries radiate to reach the minerals. Minerals are extracted and transported to the surface through these passages. It requires specially designed lifts, drills, haulage vehicles, ventilation system for safety and efficient movement of people and material. This method is risky. Poisonous gases, fires, floods and caving in lead to fatal accidents. Have you ever read about mine fires and flooding of coal mines in India?
The developed economies are retreating from mining, processing and refining stages of production due to high labour costs, while the developing countries with large labour force and striving for higher standard of living are becoming more important. Several countries of Africa and few of South America and Asia have over fifty percent of the earnings from minerals alone.
(a) Explain the main difference between surface and underground mining.
(b) Why is open-cast mining the easiest way of mining?
(c) Why is shaft mining more risky?
(CBSE 2023, 3M)
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- Explain any five features of ‘plantation agriculture’ in the world.
(CBSE 2023, 5M)
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- Explain any five features of ‘market gardening and horticulture’ in the world.
(CBSE 2023, 5M)
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- ‘‘Dairy farming is the most advanced, efficient and capital-intensive type of farming in the world.’’ Support the statement.
(CBSE 2019, 5M)
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- ‘‘Mediterranean agriculture is highly specialised commercial agriculture in the world.’’ Support the statement.
(CBSE 2019, 5M)
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Humanities Subjects Table
Sub Areas of Chapter 4: Primary Activities
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Chapter Name
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Sub Topics
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Primary Activities
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4.1 Introduction
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4.2 Agriculture and Its Types
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4.3 Fishing and Aquaculture
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4.4 Forestry and Lumbering
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4.5 Mining and Extraction
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4.6 Hunting and Gathering
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4.7 Role of Primary Activities in the Economy
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Review of NCERT Class 12 Geography Chapter 4
In NCERT Class 12 Geography Chapter 4, "Primary Activities," students learn about the essential economic activities that directly utilize natural resources. The chapter emphasizes the types and importance of primary activities such as agriculture, fishing, forestry, and mining. It also discusses their role in global trade and the challenges faced by these sectors due to environmental and economic factors.
Mastering this chapter is crucial for understanding the foundation of economic activities and their interdependence with secondary and tertiary sectors. By practicing MCQs and subjective questions, students can enhance their knowledge of primary activities and their significance in the global economy.
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